An e.m.f. is induced when a conductor moves through a magnetic field, when a magnet moves into or out of a coil, or when the magnetic field through a coil changes.
The induced e.m.f. increases with faster movement, a stronger magnet, or more turns on the coil.
Lenz’s law states that the induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change producing it. This is a consequence of the conservation of energy.
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