Oscillation

An oscillation is one complete cycle of back-and-forth motion. The time for one complete oscillation is the period ($T$). The number of oscillations per second is the frequency ($f$).

$f = \frac{1}{T}$

Examples of oscillating systems: a pendulum swinging, a spring bouncing, particles in a sound wave, the electric and magnetic fields in a light wave.

The maximum displacement from the rest position during an oscillation is the amplitude.